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Meaning, Nature and Scope of Evidence

Meaning of Evidence Evidence refers to any material or information presented in a legal proceeding to establish or challenge relevant facts. It includes facts, statements,...

Fundamental Rules of Law of Evidence

The fundamental rules of the Law of Evidence provide the framework for the admissibility, relevancy, and weight of evidence in legal proceedings. These rules...

Admissions under Indian Evidence Act, 1872

Definition of Admissions Admissions are statements, whether oral or written, made by a party to the proceedings or their authorized representative. These statements suggest an...

Confessions under Indian Evidence Act, 1872

Under the Indian Evidence Act, 1872, confessions are an important aspect of evidence in criminal cases. Definition of Confession A confession is a statement made...

Section 63: Secondary evidence

Secondary evidence means and includes – (1) certified copies given under the provisions hereinafter contained; (2) copies made from the original by mechanical processes which in...

Section 64: Proof of documents by primary evidence

Documents must be proved by primary evidence except in the cases hereinafter mentioned.

Section 65: Cases in which secondary evidence relating to documents may be given

Secondary evidence may be given of the existence, condition or contents of a document in the following cases: – (a) when the original is shown...

Section 65A: Special provisions as to evidence relating to electronic record

The contents of electronic records may be proved in accordance with the provisions of section 65B.

Section 65B: Admissibility of electronic records

(1) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, any information contained in an electronic record which is printed on a paper, stored, recorded or copied...

Section 66: Rules as to notice to produce

Secondary evidence of the contents of the documents referred to in section 65, clause (a), shall not be given unless the party proposing to...

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