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Meaning, Nature and Scope of Evidence

Meaning of Evidence Evidence refers to any material or information presented in a legal proceeding to establish or challenge relevant facts. It includes facts, statements,...

Fundamental Rules of Law of Evidence

The fundamental rules of the Law of Evidence provide the framework for the admissibility, relevancy, and weight of evidence in legal proceedings. These rules...

Admissions under Indian Evidence Act, 1872

Definition of Admissions Admissions are statements, whether oral or written, made by a party to the proceedings or their authorized representative. These statements suggest an...

Confessions under Indian Evidence Act, 1872

Under the Indian Evidence Act, 1872, confessions are an important aspect of evidence in criminal cases. Definition of Confession A confession is a statement made...

Section 85C: Presumption as to electronic signature certificates

The Court shall presume, unless contrary is proved, that the information listed in a Electronic Signature Certificate is correct, except for information specified as subscriber...

Section 86: Presumption as to certified copies of foreign judicial records

The Court may presume that any document purporting to be a certified copy of any judicial record of any country not forming part of India...

Section 87: Presumption as to books, maps and charts

The Court may presume that any book to which it may refer for information on matters of public or general interest, and that any...

Section 88: Presumption as to telegraphic messages

The Court may presume that a message, forwarded from a telegraph office to the person to whom such message purports to be addressed, corresponds...

Section 88A: Presumption as to electronic messages

The Court may presume that an electronic message, forwarded by the originator through an electronic mail server to the addressee to whom the message...

Section 89: Presumption as to due execution, etc., of documents not produced

The Court shall presume that every document, called for and not produced after notice to produce, was attested, stamped and executed in the manner...

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